释义 |
galln. 1. bile from the liver (thought to be the source of bitter and rancorous feelings)胆汁(过去认为是痛苦和怨恨感情的来源)。 △Ham.2.2.613(577): “But I am pigeon-livered and lack gall / To make oppression bitter,”我长了一副鸽子肝,缺少胆汁,所以受了欺压也不觉得苦。(按:当时认为鸽子肝很小,没有胆汁,因而性子温顺。) △L. L.L.5.2.238(237): “Gall ! bitter.” 胆汁! 好苦。 △2H.IV.1.2.200(174):“you do measure the heat of our livers withthe bitterness of your galls;”你们总是拿你们冷酷的胆汁来衡量我们热情的肝脏。 2. bile,supposed seat of bitterness of temper,bittertemper,temper 胆汁,(过去被认为)脾气尖刻之源,尖刻脾气,脾气。 △Oth.4.3. 95(92):“Why,we have galls;”哼,我们也有脾气。 3. bitterness,bitter poison 苦味,苦味毒药。 △Rom.1.1. 200(194):“A choking gall,”哽喉的苦味。 4. rancour,hatred,ill-will 怨恨,仇恨,恶意。 △Rom.1.5.95 (91): “but this intrusion shall,/ Now seemingsweet,convert to bitterest gall.”i.e. Romeo’s en-trance here,now appearing welcome,will turn to thebitterest hatred.但他这次闯入,目前表面看来吃香,早晚要酿成深仇大恨。 △Lr.1.4. 293(269):“drew from my heartall love,/And added to the gall.”从我的心里抽干了所有的爱,而加进去苦味的怨恨。 △H.VIII.1.1. 151: “but thistop-proud fellow,/ Whom from the flow of gall I name not. ”但是这个骄傲到了极点的家伙,我把他的名字提出来倒也并非出于个人怨恨。 5. choler,anger,wrath 怒气,愤怒,激怒。 △1H.VI.1.2.16:“And he may well in fretting spend his gall.”就叫他在焦躁之中把他的怒气都发泄个一干二净吧。 6. raw or sore place 伤口,痛处。 △L . L. L. 5 . 2.238(237):“Thou grievest my gall.”你触到了我的痛处,你伤了我的心。 7. ❶ bile,intense bitterness or something causing it胆汁,极苦,引起极苦的东西。 ❷ sore,source of irritation 疮痛,恼怒之源。 △Lr.1.4.127(114):“A pestilent gall tome!”这话苦得气死人! 8. ❶ ingredient of ink 牛胆汁(制造墨水的一种成分)。 ❷acrimony,bitterness 刻薄,怨毒。 △Tw. 3. 2.54 (48):“Let there be gall enough in thy ink,”在你的墨水里要多放牛胆汁(双关:怨毒)。galls n. (pl.) bitter feelings,bitterness,bitter enmi-ty,hostility 怨恨情绪,怨恨,刻骨仇恨,敌意。 △H.V.2.2.29: “those that were your father’s enemies / Have steeped their galls in honey.” 那些从前与您的父亲为敌的人们现在已经将他们的怨恨浸在蜜里。
gallvt. 1 . rub,chafe 摩擦,擦破。 △Ham.5.1. 151(140): “thetoe of the peasant comes so near the heel of the court-ier,he galls his kibe.”i.e.The peasant is affectingthe manners of the courtier until there is little distinc-tion between them. 乡下人的脚尖已经逼近了廷臣的脚跟,擦得破他的冻疮了。 2. injure by a rub or scratch,graze 擦伤,擦破。 △ Ham.4.7. 147: “that if I gall him slightly,/ It may bedeath.”我只要叫他轻轻受一点擦伤,便可致他死命。 △Shr.5.2.60: “’A has a little gall'd me,”他擦伤了我一点。 △2H.IV.1.2.169(147): “Well,I am loath to gall anew-healed wound.”好吧,我并不想擦破一个新近痊愈的伤 3. wound,hurt,injure,damage 损伤,伤害,损害。 △Wiv.3.4.5: “my state being galled with my expense,”i.e. my estate being wounded by my extrava-gance. 我的家产挥霍殆尽。 △Ham.1.3.39:“The cankergalls the infants of the spring”,蛀虫伤害春天的嫩苗。 △1H.IV.1.3.228: “All studies here I solemnlydefy,/ Save how to gall and pinch this Bolingbroke,”现在我郑重声明,除了专门损伤和折磨这个波林布鲁克之外,我要把一切事务都完全放弃。 △H.VIII.3.2.207 (206): “Solooks the chafed lion / Upon the daring huntsmanthat has galled him;”一头发怒的狮子就是这样望着伤害它的那个大胆的猎人。 4. fret,ruffle,irritate 使烦恼,使生气,使烦躁。 △As. 2.7. 50:“And they that are most galled with my folly,/They most must laugh.”那些被我的傻话刺得最痛的人,最应该笑。 △Oth.1.1. 149(148): “However this may gallhim with some check,”这件事虽然可以招致非难,给他带来一些烦恼。 △Oth.2.1.97: “Let it not gall your pa-tience,good Iago,”请你千万不要见怪,好伊阿古。 5. harass 骚扰。 △H.V.1.2.151:“Galling the gleaned land with hot assays,”用猛烈的进攻来骚扰这无人保护的国土。 6. treat with contumely侮慢无礼地对待。 △2H.IV.4.1.89:“Wherein have you been galled by the King?”你在哪个方面受到了国王的侮慢对待? ~vi. 1. embitter,make painful使苦,使痛苦。 △Oth.1.3.216:“These sentences,to sugar or to gall,/ Beingstrong on both sides,are equivocal ”这些格言,既使人觉得甜,又使人觉得苦;两面都有力,意思却是模棱两可。 2. scoff讥笑。 △H.V.5.1.78(73): “I have seen yougleeking and galling at this gentleman twice orthrice.”我看你接二连三地嘲讽讥笑这位先生。 gall瘿植物由于受虫害、细菌、病毒侵染而引起的局部组织异常增生。 Gall? 1840~1894高尔美国洪克帕帕苏族军事首领。生于南达科他州。早年父母双亡,由苏族酋长西廷·布尔(又名坐牛)作为弟弟抚养。在与白人移民和美国陆军的多次冲突中,显示其杰出的军事指挥才能。在小比格霍恩河战役(1876.6.25)中,全歼乔治·卡斯特所率部队。后向美国陆军投降,并致力于改善印第安人与白人之间的关系。 |